成分角度的拓展

一、非谓语动词做定语/状语

二、同位语

同位语：解释说明前面的名词（词组/同位语从句）

This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow….

But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups: health care workers, people caring for infants and healthy young people.

It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on ….

同位语是解释说明（that后接完整句子）

I know the fact that he doesn’t know the secret.

定语从句是限定修饰（that后不完整）

I know the fact that he doesn’t know. （He doesn‘t know the fact）

同位语从句： I have a dream that one day the rough place will be made plain.

定语从句： I have a dream. It is a dream (that is) deeply rooted in the American dream.

We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal,that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; Our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

I, Robert, is a teacher.

I have a good idea that we can go camping tomorrow.

In 1929,three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E.Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for first time.