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精简定语从句（分词作定语）

现在分词 doing （主动）​

主动进行：​

  • A ship that is sinking => a sinking ship
  • Leaves that are falling => falling leaves
  • A child that is sleeping => a sleeping child

主动一般：​

  • fish that can fly => Flying fish
  • Unknown Flying Objects

过去分词 done （被动或者完成）​

完成（不及物）：​

  • The ship that has sunken => The sunken ship
  • Leaves that have fallen => Fallen leaves

被动（及物）：​

  • A writer who is respected => A respected writer
  • A cup that has been broken => a broken cup

分词作定语 前置定语？后置定语？​

  • A student who is sleeping => a sleeping student
  • A student who is sleeping on the desk => a student sleeping on the desk

单个分词修饰名词（前置）​

分词短语修饰名词（后置，避免头重脚轻）​

John had a very good day and put his wallet containing $3000 into the microwave over for safekeeping.

For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.

Police hunting the killer of a part-time police officer stabbed outside her home in northwest London are seeking a man wearing a hooded top seen running away from the scene.

The days <of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holiday> are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society — a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.